Multi-tank indirect liquid-level measurement

ABSTRACT

A multi-tank indirect liquid level measurement device and method are disclosed. The device and method may be implemented using a sealable reservoir that holds an indicating liquid and pressurized air, a pump that supplies and/or pressurizes the air in the reservoir, a plurality of pipes each of which connect on one end to the tanks to be gaged and on their other ends to a valve for selectively and exclusively connecting to the pressurized air, and a manometer tube that displays the pressure difference between the sealable reservoir and atmospheric pressure as a height reading of the indicating liquid.

BACKGROUND

This disclosure relates to the measurement of liquid levels in recreational vehicle wastewater holding tanks.

Many recreational vehicles, such as campers, trailers, fifth wheelers, and motor homes, have one or more tanks for storing the effluent or wastewater originating in the toilet, sink, or shower. These tanks are typically called black water or gray water tanks. The effluent stored in black water and gray water tanks can easily clog or render inoperable a liquid level measurement apparatus or sensors in direct contact with the wastewater. Examples of typical direct wastewater measurement devices are ones that use conductance, capacitance, floats, or other direct means for measuring the liquid in a tank. Despite the numerous cleaning methods and chemicals that have been developed, many of the existing wastewater level measuring methods and systems can fail within several weeks, resulting in the owner of a recreational vehicle draining the wastewater tank or tanks too frequently or running the risk of a tank overflow.

A typical modern recreational vehicle has a plurality of wastewater holding tanks. There are normally separate tanks for black water (human waste from the toilet) and gray water (waste water from the kitchen sink). There may be a second gray water tank for effluent from a shower.

Indirect liquid level measurement systems exist. One example is U.S. Pat. No. 7,389,688 by John Vander Horst. These devices work, but it was desired to make a simpler purely mechanical device that requires no transducers and is capable of measuring the liquid level in multiple tanks using a single gage.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a multi-tank indirect liquid-level measurement device and method that is implemented using a sealable reservoir that holds an indicating liquid and pressurized air, a pump that supplies and/or pressurizes the air in the reservoir, a plurality of pipes each of which connect on one end to the tanks to be gaged and on their other ends to a valve for selectively and exclusively connecting to the pressurized air, and a manometer tube that displays the pressure difference between the sealable reservoir and atmospheric pressure as a height reading of the indicating liquid.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure is described in conjunction with the appended figures in which:

FIG. 1 shows the principle of operation and the prior art;

FIG. 2 shows an indirect liquid level-measuring device connected to a plurality of wastewater tanks;

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a transducerless multi-tank indirect liquid level-measuring device;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the device of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 a is a top view of the connection disk of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;

FIG. 5 b is a side view of the connection disk of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;

FIG. 5 c is a bottom view of the connection disk of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 a is a side view of the selection disk of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 b is a bottom view of the selection disk of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 a is a front view of the device of FIG. 3 mounted to a wall;

FIG. 7 b is a side view of the device of FIG. 3 mounted to a wall;

FIG. 7 c is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 3 mounted to a wall;

FIG. 8 shows section A-A of FIG. 7 a; and

FIG. 9 shows section B-B of FIG. 7 a.

To assist in the understanding of one embodiment of the present invention, the following list of components or features and associated numbering found in the drawings is provided herein:

Number Component or Feature F₁ First fitting F₂ Second fitting F₃ Third fitting h₁ First height h₂ Second height h₃ Third height P₁ First pipe P₂ Second pipe P₃ Third pipe T₁ First tank T₂ Second tank T₃ Third tank  99 Sealable vessel 100 Liquid level measuring system with three tanks 101 Cylindrical tube 102 Connection disk 103 Selection disk 104 Indicator liquid 105 End cap 106 Pressurized air 107 Pressurization source 108 Pressurization tube 109 Manometer tube 110 Pressure relief hole 200 Multi-tank indirect liquid level measuring device 205 End cap pump housing 207 Pump button 211 Assembly screw 212 Cylindrical tube slot 213 Selection disk rotation pin 214 Pump button o-ring 215 Pump spring 216 Spring support 217 Selection disk o-ring 218 Connection tube o-ring 219 Stop pin 220 Slot 221 Pump button o-ring groove 222 Selection disk o-ring groove 223 Connection tube o-ring housing 224 Selection disk rotation pin hole 225 Assembly spring 226 Pump button o-ring stop 301 Recreational vehicle wall 302 Mounting sleeve 303 Mounting bracket 304 Mounting screw 305 Slit in mounting sleeve 401 Connection disk fitting hole 402 Connection disk assembly screw hole 403 Connection disk stop pin hole 404 Anti-rotation pin hole 502 Selection disk assembly screw hole

It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale. In certain instances, details that are not necessary for an understanding of the invention or that render other details difficult to perceive may have been omitted. It should be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The ensuing description provides preferred exemplary embodiment(s) only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the preferred exemplary embodiment(s) will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing a preferred exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes could be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope as set forth in the appended claims.

Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a device suitable for use with one or more wastewater holding tanks of a recreational vehicle. Wastewater holding tanks are typically located downstream of a toilet, sink, shower, or any other place where water is used to clean something or where water is combined with other fluids or solids. In addition to recreational vehicles, vehicle wastewater holding tanks can be used in other transportable or moving applications such as boats, trains, buses, aircraft, or portable lavatories.

This disclosure discusses transducers and the fact that embodiments of the present invention can be made without using a transducer (i.e. transducerless). For purposes of this disclosure, a transducer is defined as a device that converts one form of energy to another, where energy types include electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic (including light), chemical, acoustic, or thermal energy. Therefore, an example of a transducerless device would be one that does not rely on any conversion from mechanical energy to electrical, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic, or thermal energy.

The present invention relies on the principle that the height of a liquid in a tank can be measured at a distance from such tank by measuring the pressure of a gas induced above the surface of an indicating liquid contained in a suitable gage reservoir, the excess gas being lead by a pipe or tube from the top of the gage reservoir to a point within and near the bottom of the distant tank, so that the pressure on the indicating liquid surface is proportional to the depth of the liquid in the distant tank. This principle is understood in the prior art and is illustrated in FIG. 1 in which a pump 107 pressurizes the air 106 that is part of a sealable vessel 99 that serves as a gage reservoir. This pressurized air 106 has two places to go. It can push the indicator liquid 104 up a manometer tube 109 and it can push air down a pipe P₁ until excess air escapes from the distant tank T₁. If the liquid in the tank T₁ and the indicator liquid 104 have the same density, then the height h₁ of the liquid in the manometer tube 109 as measured from the top of the indicating liquid 104 will be the same as the height h₁ of the liquid in tank T₁ above the inlet of the pipe P₁ in the tank T₁. Note that the pressure reading does not change with the relative vertical position of the tank T₁ and sealable vessel 99. In one embodiment, the present invention applies this principle described in FIG. 1 to an easy-to-fabricate and easy-to-use transducerless device for measuring the level of multiple wastewater tanks in a vehicle (such as a recreational vehicle) or in a portable application (such as a portable lavatory).

FIG. 2 shows a system comprising an embodiment of an indirect liquid level-measuring device and a plurality of wastewater tanks is shown at 100. Specifically shown are three tanks, labeled T₁, T₂, and T₃, connected with three pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃, respectively, to the measuring device, which comprises all of the other elements shown in FIG. 2. Note that in a typical recreational vehicle application the tanks T₁, T₂, and T₃, will generally be larger, flatter, and more distant from the measuring device than the relative scale of the tanks, pipes, and device depicted in FIG. 2. One end of the pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃ are connected to either the bottom of the tanks T₁, T₂, and T₃, or to the sides of these tanks as close to their bottoms as possible, in order to read as close to the full pressure head of the liquid in the tanks. The other end of the pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃ are connected to a connection disk, shown at 102. The connection disk 102 is located at the base of the measuring device. The pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃ are typically made of tubing. This tubing may be flexible PVC, it may be some other kind of a flexible or rigid plastic, or it can be some other type of piping capable of being understood by anyone skilled in the art. The tubing may be any length or diameter. However, for performance reasons, one would like to have tubing that has a relatively thin internal diameter as this reduces the displacement required by the pump. The lengths of the pipes needed for using a gage of this type in a recreational vehicle may be a minimum of 20 feet.

Also referring to FIG. 2, in one embodiment the indirect liquid-level measuring device comprises a cylindrical tube 101, the connection disk 102, a selection disk 103, an end cap 105, the pressurization source 107, a pressurization tube 108, and a manometer tube 109. The enclosed space in the cylindrical tube 101 between the selection disk 103 and the end cap 105 may be partially filled with the indicator liquid 104 and the multi-tank indirect liquid-level measuring device is oriented so that the remaining volume of the enclosed space between the selection disk 103 and the end cap 105 can serve as the body of a sealable vessel. A selection disk o-ring 217 is part of the system that helps maintain pressure in the measuring device. The indicator liquid 104 can be any liquid understood by someone skilled in the art of manometers, examples of which include mercury and water. If water is to be used, a colorant may be added to make the height of the water easer to see in the manometer tube 109. The pressurization source 107 generates the pressurized air 106 that makes the device work. Note that the indicator liquid 104 is typically not necessarily part of the device, but will be added by the user during the installation process.

Further referring to FIG. 2, the pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃, are attached to the connection disk 102 at three points on one end of the cylindrical disk with each of the attachment points being located the same distance from the central axis of the connection disk. The attachment points comprise axial holes through the connection disk that allow air to pass through the connection disk to one of the pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃, when a pressurization tube 108 mounted in the selection disk 103 is rotated to align with the hole in the connection disk 102 opposite that pipe, The selection disk 103 is assembled into the cylindrical tube in a way that allows an operator to rotate the selection disk 103 inside the cylindrical tube. The details of one implementation will be explained later in this disclosure. This pressurization tube 108 that is mounted in the selection disk, extends through the indicator liquid 104 to the pressurized air 106.

Additionally FIG. 2 shows the end cap 105 that helps to seal the pressurized air 106 into an enclosed space. The end cap 105 can either be an integral part of the cylindrical tube 101 as illustrated in FIG. 2, or it can be a separate component that is attached to the cylindrical tube 105. The pressurization source 107 shown in FIG. 2, can be a simple single-stroke hand-operated push button positive displacement pump cylinder 207 that, when depressed, pressurizes the air 106. A user's thumb would typically press this push button. There is also a pressure relief hole, shown at 110, which can be sealed by a user's fingers while pressing the push button. Examples of hand-operated positive displacement pumps include, but are not limited to piston pumps, pumps that use a bulb (such as a turkey baster), other kinds of squeeze pumps, bellows pumps, and diaphragm pumps. The pump also doesn't need to be limited to one that is operated by the operator's hands. Other examples of manual human-operated pumps can include pumps in which the user blows into a tube, presses a footpad, or uses an arm or leg action to crank a handle.

FIG. 2 also illustrates the operation of the system when the first tank T₁ has been selected and has its liquid level measured. The first pipe P₁ has been selected and pneumatically connected to the volume of air in the device through the pressurization tube 108. The pump button 207 has been depressed from its relaxed state while a pressure relief hole 110 has been sealed by a user's finger, causing air to push through the first pipe P₁ and create air bubbles in the first tank T₁ as excess air escapes. The pressurized air 106 also forces water up the manometer tube 109 making the reading of the pressure head h₁ equal to the vertical height of the liquid in the first tank T₁ from the point at which the first pipe P₁ enters the first tank T₁. If the indicator liquid 104 and the liquid in the first tank are both water, or are both liquids having the same densities, the vertical height of the indicator liquid in the manometer tube and the vertical height of the water in the first tank T₁ from the point of the inlet of the first pipe P₁ will both be the same as shown by the two h₁'s in FIG. 2. If liquids of different densities are used, there will be a ratio in the two heights that is directly proportional to the ratio of the densities of the two liquids.

Note that the second pipe P₂ and third pipe P₃ have liquid in them to the same height as the liquid that is in the respective tanks T₂ and T₃ because these pipes have not been connected to the pressurized air 106 by the valve that is part of the multi-tank liquid-level measuring device. The volume of liquid in these two pipes h₂ and h₃, respectively, must be purged if the liquid level were to be measured in these tanks. To minimize the amount of liquid that must be pumped from these pipes it is desirable to minimize the inside diameter of the pipes and to run the pipes directly vertically until they are a sufficient distance above the highest liquid level that could be in any of these tanks. As a reference, the system shown in FIG. 2 has been implemented using pipe that has an inside diameter of 3/32 inch. Other inside diameters such as 1/16 inch and ⅛ inch could also be used for a typical recreational vehicle. If a 3/32 inch inside diameter pipe is used and the length of pipe is 15 inches before it is above the tank, a displacement of 0.1 cubic inches would be required to purge the liquid from the pipe. The method of attachment and sealing of the pipes P₁, P₂, and P₃ to the tanks T₁, T₂, and T₃ and to the connection disk 102 of the measuring device can be accomplished via a mechanical fitting, through ultrasonic bonding, through plastic welding, or through some other means capable of being understood by someone skilled in the art.

Note that the entire indirect liquid level-measuring device shown in FIG. 2 is transducerless, in that it uses only mechanical energy (in the form of pressure) to provide a reading of liquid levels in a plurality of recreational vehicle wastewater tanks, without converting this to an other form of energy such as electrical, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic, or thermal energy.

Further referring to FIG. 2 the operation of a push button positive displacement pump can cause the indicating liquid in the manometer tube 109 to overshoot. To prevent this, a flow damper can be placed into the manometer tube 109 close to the point at which the indicator liquid 104 enters the manometer tube 109. Placing a ⅛ inch long plug into the manometer tube 109 at the end close to the inlet for the indicator liquid 104 has been found to work well as a flow damper.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show another embodiment of an indirect liquid level-measuring device at 200. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is similar to the device shown in FIG. 2, but the tanks and pipes have been removed to reveal more detail of the device. In the device shown in FIG. 3 the end cap (105 in FIG. 2) and the housing for the pressurization source (107 in FIG. 2) have been integrated into a single end cap housing, shown at 205. In this embodiment, the end cap housing 205 is made from a standard 90-degree polyvinylchloride (PVC) elbow joint that can be obtained at hardware stores. In one specific embodiment, the end cap housing is a 90-degree elbow joint for standard ¼ inch PVC pipe. This means the inside diameter of the elbow joint is 1.050 inches because ¼ inch PVC pipe has an inside diameter of approximately ¼ inch and a wall thickness of approximately 0.15 inches. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, one leg of the elbow joint has been reduced in length to fit the cylindrical tube, shown at 101. There is a hole drilled into the elbow for the manometer tube, shown at 109. In the embodiment shown, the manometer tube is made of ¼ inch outside diameter rigid acrylic tubing with a 1/16 inch wall thickness giving an inside diameter of ⅛ inch. The manometer tube 109 has lines marked on it to show the height of the indicator liquid. In the embodiment shown, the manometer tube hole is drilled so the manometer tube 109 has its one end centered in the center of the indicator liquid, shown at 104. The manometer tube hole and the fitting of the manometer tube into this hole must be done in a way that provides a good seal for the pressurized air 106. This can be done using any technique capable of being understood by someone skilled in the art. One technique is to use a fitting made of pliable PVC tubing that provides a hermetic seal. There are also adhesives that can be used to provide such a hermetic seal.

Further referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, there is a pressure relief hole (or vent) drilled into the elbow, which is shown at 110. This hole serves the same function as the equivalent hole shown in FIG. 2. A pump button, shown at 207 is used to pressurize the air 106. More details of the pump button 207 and other pump elements will be described later in this disclosure. The exact configuration, materials, and manufacturing process for the end cap housing 205 can be anything capable of being understood by someone skilled in the art.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 also show the cylindrical tube at 101. The cylindrical tube 101 in this embodiment is made from 0.80 inch inside diameter, 1.05 inch outside diameter transparent PVC pipe that has been cut to a length of approximately 2.5 inches. The cylindrical tube 101 has a cylindrical tube slot, shown at 212, cut into it. In the embodiment shown, the cylindrical tube slot 212 is approximately 0.10 inch wide; it is located about 0.70 inches from one end (the bottom) of the cylindrical tube; and it extends approximately 90 degrees around the circumference of the cylindrical tube 101. The end of the cylindrical tube 101 furthest from the cylindrical tube slot 212 is attached and sealed to the end cap pump housing 205 using any technique capable of being understood by someone skilled in the art. One example of an attachment and sealing technique for the cylindrical tube 101 and end cap housing 205 is the use of an adhesive.

Further referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the selection disk, shown at 103 and the connection disk, shown at 102 are attached to one another using an assembly screw, shown at 211. The assembly screw 211 is axially centered in the selection disk 103 and connection disk 102. An assembly spring 225 creates a constant force between the selection disk 103 and connection disk 102, while still allowing the two disks to rotate relative to one another. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the connection disk 102 has three fittings, shown at F₁, F₂, and F₃ that allow pipes or tubes, shown as P₁, P₂, and P₃ in FIG. 2, from the tanks shown as T₁, T₂, and T₃ in FIG. 1, to attach to the liquid level measuring device 200. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, these fittings F₁, F₂, and F₃ are pressed into axial through holes in the connection disk 102. By rotating the selection disk 103 relative to the connection disk 102, the user can select which of the three fittings F₁, F₂, or F₃ in the connection disk 102 lines up with an axial through hole in the selection disk 103. The outside diameters of the connection disk 102 and the selection disk 103 are designed to allow these to disks to fit snugly into the cylindrical tube 101. There is an o-ring grove around the circumference of the selection disk 103 near the end of the selection disk 103 that is opposite the connection disk 102. This groove has an o-ring, shown at 217, placed in it to provide a seal between the pressurized air 106 and outside atmosphere when the selection disk and connection disk are placed inside the cylindrical tube 101. The pressurization tube, shown at 108, is placed into the hole in the selection disk. The pressurization tube 108 extends out the end of the selection disk 103 that is opposite the connection disk 102 and extends through the indicator liquid, shown at 104, to the pressurized air 106.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 also show how the selection disk 103 can be rotated when the device 200 has been assembled. There is a hole in the selection disk 103 that lines up with the cylindrical tube slot 212 in the cylindrical tube 101. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a selection disk rotation pin, shown at 213, is pressed into this hole in the selection disk 103. The connection disk 102 is fixed so that it cannot move relative to the cylindrical housing 101, which can be accomplished using any method capable of being understood by someone skilled in the art, such as the use of a pin that goes radially through the cylindrical housing 101 and into the connection disk 102. The selection disk 103 will then rotate relative to the connection disk when a user rotates the selection disk rotation pin 213 relative to the cylindrical housing 101. A rotary valve is created through the combination of the cylindrical selection disk 103 placed in a cylindrical tube 101 with a selection disk rotation pin 213 that is accessed through the cylindrical tube slot 212.

Further referring to FIG. 4, the pump button 207 includes an o-ring groove, shown at 221, into which a pump button o-ring, shown at 214, can be placed. The pump button o-ring 214 helps ensure that there is a good seal for maintaining the pressurized air (106 in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3). There is a coil spring, shown at 215, which becomes compressed when the pump button 207 is pressed. One end of the coil spring 215 is retained inside the pump button 207. A spring support, shown at 216, retains the other end of the coil spring 215. When the device shown in FIG. 4 is assembled, the spring support 216 rests against the manometer tube, shown at 109. The pump button 207, pump button o-ring 214, coil spring 215, and spring support 216 can be made of any materials capable of being understood by anyone skilled in the art. For example, the pump button 207 can be made of machined or molded plastic, the pump button o-ring 214 can be a commercially purchased rubber o-ring, the coil spring 215 can be a commercially purchased plastic or steel spring, and the spring support 216 can be molded or machined ring or cap capable of retaining the coil spring.

FIG. 4 also shows how the manometer tube, shown at 109, and the cylindrical tube, shown at 101, fit into the end cap pump housing 205. The assembly spring, shown at 225, provides a compressive force to ensure that the connection disk 102 and selection disk 103 are always pressed together. A connection tube o-ring, shown at 218, is placed into a selection tube o-ring housing, shown at 223, before the selection disk 103 and connection disk 102 are fastened together. A stop pin, shown at 219, is also placed into a hole in the connection disk before the selection disk 103 and connection disk 102 are fastened together. One end of the stop pin 219 fits into a slot, shown at 220 in the selection disk to limit the amount of rotation between the connection disk 102 and selection disk 103 to the three through holes in the connection disk 102 that line up with the three fittings, shown at F₁, F₂, and F₃, that are pressed into the connection disk 102. A pressurization tube, shown at 108 is pressed into the selection disk 103. A selection disk o-ring, shown at 217, is placed into a selection disk o-ring groove, shown at 222.

Further referring to FIG. 4, the completed subassembly comprising the connection disk 102, the selection disk 103, and various attachments can be placed into the cylindrical tube 101 once the operations described in the previous paragraph have been completed. The completed selection disk+assembly disk subassembly is pushed in far enough so that the selection disk rotation pin hole, shown at 224, is in the cylindrical tube slot, shown at 212, allowing the selection disk rotation pin, shown at 213, to be placed in the selection disk rotation pin hole 224.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the easiest way to fill the indirect liquid level measuring device with an indicator liquid, shown at 104 in FIG. 3, is to remove the pump button 207 and pump button o-ring 214 in FIG. 3, as well as the coil spring 215 in FIG. 4, and spring support 216 in FIG. 4 from the end cap pump housing 205. The user can then pour the indicator liquid 104 in FIG. 3 directly into the vessel.

FIG. 5 a is a top view of the connection disk 102. FIG. 5 b is a side view of the connection disk 102. FIG. 5 c is a bottom view of the connection disk 102. These views illustrate the fitting holes, shown at 401, which connect to the three fittings (F₁, F₂, and F₃ in FIG. 4). FIG. 5 a, FIG. 5 b, and FIG. 5 c also illustrate the assembly screw hole, shown at 402, that houses the assembly screw (211 in FIG. 4) and assembly spring (225 in FIG. 4). Additionally, FIG. 5 a, FIG. 5 b, and FIG. 5 c illustrate the stop pin hole, shown at 403, which houses the opposite end of the stop pin (219 in FIG. 4)

FIG. 6 a shows a side view of the selection disk at 103. FIG. 6 b shows a bottom view of the selection disk at 103. FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b depict the o-ring groove at 222. FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b depict the connection tube o-ring housing at 223. FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b depict the selection disk rotation pin hole at 224. FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b depict the assembly screw hole at 502.

FIG. 7 a, FIG. 7 b, and FIG. 7 c provide three orthogonal views of a liquid level-measuring device mounted on the wall of a recreational vehicle. In these three views, the wall of the recreational vehicle is shown at 301. The device is mounted using a mounting sleeve, shown at 302. The mounting sleeve 301 surrounds the device near the bottom of the device. This sleeve has a slot, shown at 305, which allows the sleeve 302 to fit snugly around the device regardless of tolerances of the device and the sleeve 302. The sleeve is surrounded by a mounting bracket, shown at 303, which is attached to the wall, shown at 301, using two mounting screws, shown at 304.

FIG. 7 b also shows how an operator's index finger might be used to seal the pressure relief hole 110. Typically, the thumb of the operator's other hand (not shown) would simultaneously the press the pump button 207 to make a liquid level reading using the embodiment of the device shown.

FIG. 8 is section A-A of FIG. 7 a that shows the wall of the recreational vehicle at 301. The mounting sleeve is shown at 302. There is a groove, shown at 306, in the mounting sleeve 302. This groove 306 facilitates the placement of an anti-rotation pin, shown at 307, that goes through the wall of the cylindrical tube, shown at 101, to prevent the connection disk, shown at 102, from rotating relative to the cylindrical tube 101. The mounting bracket, shown at 303, goes over the mounting sleeve 302. One end of the stop pin, shown at 219, is pressed into the connection disk 102. The selection disk rotation pin, shown at 213, is pressed into the selection disk 203 and is accessible to the user through a slot in the cylindrical tube 101.

Further referring to FIG. 8, the assembly screw, shown at 211, compresses the assembly spring, shown at 225, to provide a pressure that keeps the connection disk 102 pressed against the selection disk 103. This ensures that the connection tube o-ring, shown at 218, provides a proper seal. This seal is needed to ensure that the pressurized air delivered by the fitting, shown at F₂, is transmitted to the pressurization tube, shown at 108 without leakage.

FIG. 9 is section B-B of FIG. 7 a. This shows the end cap pump housing 205 and pressure relief hole 110. It also shows how the spring cap 216 rests against the manometer tube 109. It further shows the pump spring 215 being compressed between the spring cap 216 and pump button 207. The pump button o-ring 214 rides in the pump button o-ring groove 221. There is also a small ring machined out of the end cap pump housing 205 that helps serve as a pump button o-ring stop shown at 226. Also shown at 101 is a partial section of the cylindrical tube. For reference purposes, one embodiment of the design shown in FIG. 9 has an end cap pump housing inside diameter of approximately 1.05 inches and a pump button stroke of about 0.5 inches giving a displacement in excess of 0.4 cubic inches in a single stroke. The following is a list of minimum pump displacements (Minimum Displacement) needed assuming various choices of pipe inside diameters (Pipe IDs for pipes shown P₁, P₂, and P₃ in FIG. 2), manometer tube (209 in FIG. 2) inside diameters (Tube IDs), and tank heights (h₁, h₂, and h₃ in FIG. 2, heights in list below) that are suitable for various typical recreational vehicles:

Pipe ID Tube ID Height Minimum Displacement 1/16″ 3/32″  5 inches 0.05 cubic inches 1/16″ 3/32″ 10 inches 0.10 cubic inches 1/16″ 3/32″ 15 inches 0.15 cubic inches 1/16″ 3/32″ 20 inches 0.20 cubic inches 1/16″ 3/32″ 25 inches 0.25 cubic inches 3/32″ ⅛″  5 inches 0.10 cubic inches 3/32″ ⅛″ 10 inches 0.20 cubic inches 3/32″ ⅛″ 15 inches 0.30 cubic inches 3/32″ ⅛″ 20 inches 0.40 cubic inches 3/32″ ⅛″ 25 inches 0.50 cubic inches

A number of variations and modifications of the disclosed embodiments can also be used. The principles described here can also be used for in applications other than recreational vehicles such as bioreactors, etc. While the principles of the disclosure have been described above in connection with specific apparatuses and methods, it is to be clearly understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as limitation on the scope of the disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for indicating the depth of liquid in a plurality of tanks comprising: a sealable reservoir suitable for holding an indicating liquid and pressurized air; a pump that pressurizes the air in the reservoir; a plurality of fittings wherein each fitting can connect to a pipe that communicates with liquid in the bottoms of a tank to be gaged; a valve for selectively and exclusively connecting one of said fittings to the pressurized air; and a manometer tube that displays the pressure difference between the pressurized air and atmospheric pressure as a vertical height of the indicating liquid.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the valve is a rotary valve.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the pump is a human-operated manual positive-displacement pump.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the pump is a single stroke hand pump capable of displacing a minimum volume selected from the set of 0.05 cubic inches, 0.1 cubic inches, 0.15 cubic inches, 0.2 cubic inches, 0.25 cubic inches, 0.3 cubic inches, 0.4 cubic inches, and 0.5 cubic inches.
 5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the pump further comprises a pump button that can be removed to fill the reservoir with the indicating liquid.
 6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the pump further comprises an o-ring and wherein the o-ring rests in an o-ring stop when the pump is not being actuated.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a hand-closable vent that connects the contents of the sealable reservoir to atmospheric pressure when the apparatus is not measuring the depth of liquid in a tank, wherein the vent can be closed with an operator's fingers when the pump is being used to pressurize the air in the sealable reservoir.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the manometer tube further comprises a flow damper.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the measurement of air pressure in the sealable reservoir is a transducerless measurement.
 10. A multi-tank liquid level gage comprising: a sealable vessel capable of holding a liquid and air; a pump capable of displacing the air in the vessel; a valve capable of selectively connecting said air to a plurality of tubes that connect to tanks; and a mechanical pressure gage capable of providing a visual indication of the pressure of said air, wherein the pressure gage further comprises a manometer and said visual indication further comprises a level of the liquid in the vessel.
 11. The gage of claim 10 wherein the valve selects using rotary motion.
 12. The gage of claim 10 wherein the pump displaces the air in response to a human mechanical energy without the use of electrical, electromagnetic, chemical, acoustic or thermal energy.
 13. The gage of claim 12 wherein the pump is a positive displacement pump capable of displacing a minimum volume selected from the set of 0.05 cubic inches, 0.1 cubic inches, 0.15 cubic inches, 0.2 cubic inches, 0.25 cubic inches, 0.3 cubic inches, 0.4 cubic inches, and 0.5 cubic inches in a single hand operation.
 14. The gage of claim 12 wherein the pump further comprises a pump button that can be removed to fill the vessel with said liquid.
 15. The gage of claim 10 wherein the pump further comprises an o-ring and wherein the o-ring rests in an o-ring stop when the pump is not being actuated.
 16. The gage of claim 10 further comprising a finger-closable vent that, when open, connects the contents of the sealable vessel to atmospheric pressure.
 17. The gage of claim 10 wherein the manometer further comprises a flow damper.
 18. The gage of claim 10 wherein the measurement of air pressure in the sealable vessel is a transducerless measurement.
 19. A transducerless method of displaying the level of liquids in a plurality of remote tanks comprising the steps of: establishing a pneumatic connection between a valve and a point near the bottom of a first tank; establishing a pneumatic connection between said valve and a point near the bottom of a second tank; establishing a pneumatic connection between said valve and a sealable vessel; selecting to connect either said first tank or said second tank with said sealable vessel; pressurizing said sealable vessel with air sufficiently so that air is expelled into said connected tank; reading the pressure of said sealed vessel using a manometer tube connected to a liquid in said sealed vessel.
 20. The method of claim 19 wherein selecting comprises a rotary motion and pressurizing comprises human-supplied mechanical energy. 